Abrading machine



Patented May 17, 1932 warren euros;

WILEY FROMM, OF FRAE IKFORT-ON-THE-MAIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNO-R T-O- UNITEDSHOE MACHINERY CORPORATION, 0F PATERSON, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OFNEW JERSEY ABRADING MACHINE Application filed May- 16, 1925, serialll o.30,779} and in Gerniany'J'une 2", 1924'.

This invention relates to abrading machines and is herein illustrated asembodied in a machine for grinding the cutting edges of curved knivessuch, for example, as heel breasting knives which are used to shape thebreasts ofthe heels of boots or shoes;

A heel or heel base of the type comprising plurality of heel liftsrequires a breasting operating after it has been attached to the shoe.The breasting operation-is commonly performed by a knife the face ofwhich is curved to impart the desired curvature to the heel breast, thiscurvature being usually in the form ofianarc of a circle. Inasmuch asthe shank portion of a shoe sole, at its junction with the breast of theheel, may have either aflat or a convex outer surface, and sincethe'heelbreasting knife should cut the material of the heel down to thesurface of the sole and not. beyond, the cutting edge of the breasting,knife should have a profile (when viewed from .theplane of symmetry ofthe knife in a. direction perpendicular to the surface of the knife)which corresponds to the transverse contour of the shank of the sole,the profile of the cutting edge being concave if the shank of the soleis transversely convex and being straight if the shank of the sole isflat. Furthermore,.heel breasting knives are sometimes made with one endor shank portion of the knife having the same transverse curvature asthe. blade portion while in other cases the shank portions of curvedheel breasting knives are flattened the better to adapt the knives to beclamped in place in the breasting machinev FV-ith the foregoing. inmind, one objectof the present invention is to provide an im provedabrading: machine wherein curved kinds of either of the types.referred-to may be readily positioned and advantageously operated upon.for the purposes of producing cutting edges having either curved orstraight profiles.-

To the accomplishment of this object one feature of the inventionconsists in the provision, in a, machine for grinding curved knives ofthe type in which the cutting edge is transverse tothe axis of curvatureofthe knife blade, of a worr holder mounted for oscillation to traversethe work ajcro'ssth'e face of the grinding element and foradjustmentinto such a position relatively to: its axis of oscillation that; thecutting edge will I e ground When the-desiredci'irved profile or intosuch other position relatively to said axis that the cuttingfedge willbe gronndwith a straight profile.

In the illustrated embo'dimentof th'is'f'eature of the invention thegrinding element comprises a w-heel having a crowned periphcry and thework holder is' mounted for oscillation about an' at right" angles tothe axis of'rotationof the grinding wheel and for tilting or angularadjustment; into either a position wherein the knife blade is parallelto the axis of oscillation of the work holder for the grinding ofafcutting'edge having a straight profile, or into suchother positionthat the knife blade will beinclined with respect to said axis forthegrinding of cutting edge havingthe idesired curved profile.

It is desirable that the edges of knive-sof this type have asubstantially uniform bevel throughout their width and another featureof the inventioirconsists in providing adj ustinents sot-hatthe axis ofoscillation of the knife during grinding may be positioned to coincideWith the center of curvature of the knife-edge by which meansthis'dosired re suit is attained, whether the profile of" the edge bestraight or curved.

Another feature of" the invention consists in providing, in a machinefitted for grinding such substantially uniform bevel, means for adj ustitheangle of-thei bevel;

Further to facilitateeifectively supporting in operative position knifeblades having either flat or transversely curved end. or

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shank portions, another feature of the invention consists in theprovision, for use in an abrading machine, of an improved work holderconstructed and arranged to engage separated areas on opposite sides ofthe shank portion of the knife in such a manner that blades having flator curved shank portions may be supported with equal facility andwithout any perceptible distortion of the shape of either type of knife.

A further feature of the invention consists in the provision of a novelfixture for the purpose of centralizing the knife blades transverselywith respect to the work engaging portions of the work holder.

It will be understood that the invention, which is herein illustratedbeing embodied in a machine for operating upon heel breasting knives, isin no respect limited to the particular type of work to be operated uponother than may be determined from the scope of the appended claims.

The invention is more fully described in the following specification andshown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a grinrling machine constructed inaccordance with the present invention and shows the worl holder in avertical position supporting a heel breasting knife of the type having acurved end or shank portion;

Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of the device shown in Fig. 1 with thework holder shown in tilted position relatively to the grinding elementand supporting a blade of the type having a fiat end or shank portion;

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the device shown in Fig. 1 and illustratesthe construction of the work holder and its adaptation to a blade havinga curved shank portion; and

Fig. 4 is an enlarged plan View of the work holder showing it supportinga blade having a flat shank portion, and showing also the fixture forcentralizing the blade relatively to the clamping means.

As shown in the drawings, the machine comprises a work holder 2 adaptedto support a heel breasting knife 4 for movement across the crownedperipheral face of a grinding wheel 6 and for presentation to the faceof the wheel in a tilted position, as shown in Fig. 2, for the grindingof acutting edge of concave profile, or in a vertical or uprightposition, as shown in Fig. l, for the grinding of a cutting edge ofstraight profile. The work holder fiat ends or shank portions withoutproducing any perceptible distortion of the shape.

of either type of knife. To this end, a yoke or body member is rigidlysecured to the upper extremity of a supporting rod .28 and is formedwith two cylindrical bearing mem- 2 is designed and I constructed tosupport with equal facility knives having either transversely curved orbers 36 extending from its opposite sides, the yoke 30 carrying, betweenthe bearing members, two fixedly positioned cylindrical clampingextensions 82. The extensions 32 are symmetrically disposed with respectto the median plane AB of the work holder, as shown in Fig. 4. (The termmedian plane as used herein is intended to indicate a vertical planepassing through the holder equidistant from the extensions 32). Mountedwithin the bearing members 36 are headed pins 84, each being rigidlysecured at one extremity thereof to a bridge or span member 88 carryinga set-screw 40. On the side of the bearings 36 opposite the bridgemember 38 a second yoke 42 is slidably mounted to carry pivotally twoadditional cylindrical clamping extensions 48. The yoke 42 is slidablymounted on the pins 34 .and is normally held in engagement with theheads 44 of the pins by means of springs 46. The set-screw may be turnedto produce relative movement between the rigidly mounted clampingextensions 32 and the pivotally mounted clamping extensions 48 to clampand hold in supported position a blade whose shank has been insertedbetween them. By arranging the clamping extensions in such a manner thatclamping pressure is equally applied upon separated areas similarlylocated on the opposite sides of the shank portion of the knife andsymmetrically disposed with respect to the longitudinal center line ofthe knife, it will be seen by an inspection of Figs. 3 and 4, that therewill be no perceptible tendency on the part of the clamping members todistort the shape of any knife clamped thereby, whether its shank becurved or straight.

For the purpose of providing means to centralize a knife with respect tothe work engaging portions 32 and 48 of the work holder, the yoke 30isprovided with a ridge 52 which extends coincidentally wi h thevertical median plane of the holder and upon which ridge a fixture 50 isadapted to be positioned. The fixture 50 is formed with a channel orgroove corresponding to and adapted to receive the ridge 52 of the yoke30. The fixture 50 has formed upon it, symmetrically positioned withrespect to the groove or channel, two downwardly extending arms 54 forcentralizing a knife transversely with respect to the clamping members32 and 48, as shown in Fig.4.

As hereinbefore pointed out, the device is designed to operate on asupported blade to impart thereto a cutting edge of either straight orconcave profile, and to the accomplishment of this object the workholder 2 is mounted relatively to the grinding wheel 6 in the followingmanner: The extremity of the supporting bar 28 opposite the work holderis non-rotatably mounted within asleeve 26 to permit longitudinalsliding adjustm'ent, the extent of adjustment being'con trolled by ahandwheel 2 5. The sleeve- 26- 1s tiltably supported at I8 upon a gagebar 12for movement into a plurality of positions, as shown by Figs. I and 2and the positioning of the sleeve member 26 is controlled by a springpressed plunger 20 carried by the sleeve and adapted for removable enmgement with oneoif a plurality of apertures or depressions, such as 2 2",24 formed in a downwardly extending, rig-id arm 27' carried by the gagebar 1 2. Since a cutting edge having a straight profile will be impartedto the blade-when it is presented to'the grinding element in a verticalposition, and a cutting edge having curved profile wilt be imparted whenthebladeis presented in a til-ted position, as will be later explained,the single tilt-able adjustment is efle'ctive to determine and controlthe shape of the cutting ed'geimparted to-the bladeduring the grindingoperation.

The gage bar 1 2' has marl'i-ings 1 6 formed on its surface to be used,in co-operation with a face 15 of a clamping head 14, as a gage indetermining the magnitude of the radius of oscillation of the work holder about a vertical axis 8, the face of the clamping head being locatedto coincide with the vertical axis of oscillation. The work holder ismounted to oscillate about a pin' S coaxial with the axis 8=carricd bythe clamping head 14 and ournaled within a bearing member 11 locatedwithin the central plane of the rotary grinding element 6 (i. e'.,within aplane disposed at right angles to: the rotary axis of thegrinding element and equidistant from the opposed side faces of thedismal grinding element) for longitudinal adjustment within the guideway1 0.

In operation, when it is desired to'impart a cutting edge having astraight profile to the blade, the holder is positioned as shown in 1'in which the cutting edge of the blade 4' forms a. portion 01 an arc ofa circle in a horizontal plane whose center is located in the centralplane of the grinding element. Furthermore, the parts are soadjustedthat the centerof'said arcis made substantially to coincide with theaxis of oscil ation of the holder. This adjustment is efiected by theproper longitudinal positioning of the gage bar 12 in the clamping head14, to bring the center of curvature of the knife edge into the axis 8,and by thelongi-tudinal positioning of the bearing member 11 in theguideway 10 to bring. the knife to the face of the grinding element 6.The upright blade may then. be oscillated a rose the face of. thegrinding element to produce a cutting edge of straight profile andof'uniformbevel Th-isis because the knife edge always remains in avertical circular cylinder about the. axis 8, and: the grinding element6' will intersect this' cylinder always at the same height, cutting itina horizontal circle. This circle, when viewed perpendicularly to thesurface of the: blade; will projectinto a straight line, thus a straightprofile, according to the termitnology herein used. hen it is desired toimpart a concave cutting edge to the" sup ported blade, the holder ismoved intothe position shown inl i g. 2"- tohold the Inn-rte tiltedtoward the grinding element 6 (i. e., with the axis of? curvatitr'e' ofthe bladeat an angle tothe axis of oscillation), the adjustments 81-01*2'*14, being made to bring the axis 8 to the center out curvature otthe said cutting edge; The cutting edge will be a horizontal circle forthe same reason" asbetore, but the plane ot the circle wilh be nowoblique to thelongitudinal axis (or the axis ot'cuiva-ture) of the bladeand the edgewill appear curvedwhen viewed perpendicularly to-the surfaceot the bl'a'd eand will have what is herein termed a curved profile.

It is a ppa-rent'that, When-the'worlt holder is adfi ustecl relativelyto the grinding element insuchamanner that the axis oil oscillation ofthe holder coincides with the center or th'c circle ot which thecuttingedge oi the blade forms an are (as above described-) whether theholder is adjusted to grindbladeswith straight or curved profiles, thegrinding operation will produce acutting edge having a substantiallyuniform bevell- It will be seenthat by varying the position of the workholder within: the sleeve 26 by means of hand wheel the" cutting edge ofthe knife will he presented to various points along the periphery ot thegrinding elementto vary the angle of bevel produced by the grindingoperation.

Having thusdescribed my invention, what I claim a s-new and desireto-se'cu-re by Letters Patent of'the'hlnited States is':

1.- In adevice of the class described, the combination with an abradingelement, of a work holder mounted for oscillation about an" axis lyingin the plane of movement of the abrading' element to traverse a. blade,having a transversecurvature, across the face of the abrading elementand for adjustment in said plane into'oneangular'positionr'clatively'to'its axis of oscillation for the grinding of acutting'edge having a curved profile and into another angular positionin said plane relatively to'said' axis for the grinding of a cuttingedge having a straight profile.

2. In ad'evice of the class described, the combination with a grindingWheel, of a work holder adapted tohold" a knife blade having atransversecurvature, said work holder being mounted for oscillation about an axis"at right angles to the" aX-isof rotationof the grinding wheel and fortilting adjustment'into one position wherein-the axis of curvatureotthe' knife blade is parallel with respect to the axis (if-oscillationct the work holder for the grindingot a cutting" edge having a straightprofile and into another position wherein the knife blade is positionedwith its axis of curvature'inclined with respect to said axis ofoscillation for the grinding of a cutting edge having a curved profile.v

3. In an abrading machine, a grinding element, a work holder adapted tohold a curved knife blade having a cutting edge transverse to its axisof curvature, said work holder being arranged to be oscillated about anaxis of oscillation and being mounted for tilting adjustment, relativeto the axis of oscillation, into any one of a plurality of positions andfor oscillation in any of said positions across the face of the grindingelement, and means to vary the axis of oscillation to cause it tocoincide with the axis of curvature of the cutting edge, whereby thecutting edge of the knife will be ground with substantially a uniformbevel.

I. In an abrading machine, a grinding element, a work holder arranged tobe oscillated about an axis of oscillation, said work holder beingmounted for tilting adjustment, relative to the axis of oscillation,into any one of a plurality of positions and for oscillation in any ofsaid positions across the face of the grinding element, means to varythe radius of oscillation, and a gage for determining the radius ofoscillation.

5. In an abrading machine for operating on blades having a transversecurvature, a grinding wheel, a blade holder movable about an axis in theplane of the wheel to carry a blade across a face of the grinding wheelin a grinding operation, said blade holder being adjustable angularly insaid plane, relatively to said axis, whereby movement of the holder willimpart either a straight or curved cutting edge to the blade during thegrinding operation, and means to vary and control,

the angle of bevel produced by the grinding operation.

6. In a machine for operating upon an elongated cutter blade having atransverse curvature and with a cutting edge formed at one extremity ofthe blade, a grinding element, means to move the blade relatively to thegrinding element about an axis of oscillation with the longitudinal axisof the blade parallel to the axis of oscillation for the grinding of astraight cutting edge, and means to present the blade to the grindingelement with the longitudinal axis of the blade at an angle to the axisof oscillation for the grinding of a curved cutting edge.

7. In an abrading machine for operating on blades having a transversecurvature, an abrading element, a pivot located within the central planeof the grinding element, a work holder mounted for oscillation aboutsaid pivot, and means to permit angular variation of the work holderrelatively to said pivot whereby a cutting edge with a profile that iseither straight or that has a predetermined curvature may be produced.

8. In an abrading machine, a work holder comprising relatively movablemembers adapted to clamp and support knives having either fiat or curvedshank portions without causing distortion of the shape of either type ofknife.

9. In an abrading machine, a work holder to the median plane of theholder and symmetrical with respect thereto, and a movable clampingpiece arranged for movement relatively to the curved extensionstocooperate an axis of oscillation and being mounted for tiltingadjustment, relative to the axis of oscillation, into any one of aplurality of positions and for oscillation in any of said positionsacross the face of the grinding element r97 to grind a substantiallyuniform bevel on the I knife, and means for varying the angle of saidbevel.

11. In an abrading machine, a work holding device comprising clampingmembers;}

adapted to contact with the opposite sides of the work at separatedareas, and a fixture cooperating with the clamping members for centeringthe work with respect to the median plane of the holder prior toapplying the clamping pressure.

12. In an abrading machine, a work holder for cutting blades having, incombination, a plurality of work clamping members, and a fixture adaptedto be supported by one of; the clamping members to cooperate therewithin centering a blade within the holder.

13. In an abrading machine, a holder for cutting blades comprising apivotally mounted member having a plurality of roundedextensions forengagement with one side of the blade, a member having a plurality offixedly positioned rounded extensions mounted thereon for cooperativeengagement with the opposite side of the blade and means for moving saidmembers toward each other to clamp and support the blade within theholder.

14. In an abrading machine, a grinding 1g element, a bar mounted foroscillation about" a pivot lying within the central plane of thegrinder, a sleeve supported by the bar, a work holder mounted within thesleeve, and means comprising two curved work-engaging extensionspositioned in a plane perpendicular with said extensions for supportingand holder being arranged to be oscillated about 2 to vary the positionof the work holder with-,

in the sleeve to vary the angle of bevel produced by the grindingoperation.

15. In an abrading machine, a grinding element, a bar mounted foroscillation about a pivot adjustable Within the central plane of thegrinding element, a sleeve supported by the bar, a work holder mountedWithin the sleeve, means to tilt the sleeve about the bar to vary theangle of presentation of the supported Work to the grinding element, andmeans to vary the position of the Work holder Within the sleeve to varythe angle of bevel produced by the abrading operation.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

WILLY FROMM.

GERTIFIGATE 0F CORREG'HON.

Patent No. 1,858,297. May 17, 1932.

WiLLY FROMM.

it is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1,line 40, for "kinds" read "knives", and iine 55, for "when" read "with";and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these correctionstherein that the same may conform to the record of the case in thePatent Office.

Signed and sealed this 23rd day of May, A. D. 1933.

M. J. Moore.

(Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

